Types of leather
Oct 12, 2022
Animals will inevitably get hurt or get sick in the process of growth, so it is difficult to find perfect skin, so the skin of animals is more perfect when they are young, while the fur of adult animals is difficult to preserve perfectly, and the more perfect the skin is, the more expensive it is. Now let the editor of Shengfang online take you to learn about the types of leather so that you can have a reference. I hope this article can be helpful to you.
With different methods of leather surface treatment, leather also has many names. Generally speaking, it is often classified as benzene dye or semi-benzene dye and paint skin.
Benzene dyeing refers to the leather surface with dye color, without covering paint, this kind of leather material is casein or resin to do surface finishing, because there is no covering, so in the selection of leather body, if there are too many scars and abrasions can not do benzene dyeing skin, as dyeing often occurs in the case of chromatic aberration, in pure benzene dyeing is inevitable. At present, the proportion of pure dyed leather produced in China is not large, and there are some used in high-end gentlemen's shoes and work shoes, but benzene-dyed leather and commonly known as drum-dyed leather still have to be coated on the surface and directly used in shoes. As leather emphasizes nature, the natural pattern and delicate performance of benzene-dyed leather show the beauty of leather, and its value is naturally higher than that of coated leather.
At present, the paint skin is a kind of leather with the largest output in the world. The paint skin has quite many advantages, that is, the color is the same, but it has good physical properties and is easy to keep and not easy to damage. The disadvantage is that the leather surface finish is heavier, and the natural feeling is not as good as that of benzene-dyed leather. Paint skin does not mean low-grade leather, because many kinds of shoes must use coating skin in order to meet the physical conditions required by footwear. For example, the requirements of sports shoes are wear-resistant, water-resistant and so on. It can be done with paint and resin.
Semi-benzene dyeing is between benzene-dyed skin and paint skin. This practice for the skin condition is slightly poor, do pure benzene dye may not be able to cover minor defects, but not if the paint skin has a heavy sense of coverage. Whether it is pure benzene dyeing or paint surface treatment, the common physical properties of leather will not be too different.
Divided by leather surface grain, usually divided into bead skin, milled skin and embossed skin.
Bead skin is the original pattern of the skin is quite good, in benzene-dyed skin and semi-benzene-dyed skin, most of them belong to bead skin, do not need to go through the process of leather grinding.
As the name implies, the surface needs to be flattened to make some abrasions and defects disappear. If customers require special patterns, usually the most embossed skin is the capillary pattern. Most of the milled skin and embossed skin belong to the coating skin.
Grey leather: leather without surface treatment. This kind of leather is treated by water field to become the material of footwear and leather decoration, such as suede leather and anti-fur, this kind of leather has been ground by fine sand and has a good feel, just as the surface of flannelette is an important material mainly used to pay attention to warm shoes. Such as hiking shoes, and the suede of pigskin can be used in almost all kinds of shoes, women's shoes and sports shoes account for half, suede is a very important material in clothing, since people have written records, it is a part of life.
Oily skin: some hiking shoes or ship shoes, often use very oily leather, this leather with fingernails or hands to support, the color becomes lighter or darker, but with the hand to smooth and return to normal, and this kind of leather with some sticky greasy feeling is called greasy.
Waxed leather: leather that is polished after vegetable tanning or semi-vegetable tanning to produce discoloration and scorching effect, called waxed leather. This kind of leather has been popular for a long time and has not declined to this day.
Scrub skin: the leather surface is sprayed into a darker color by the method of surface finishing, but the background color is light and can produce a beautiful two-color effect after friction with a cloth wheel. Polishing: using the traditional leather treatment method, using casein to do surface finishing, and then the machine uses glass rollers to repeatedly polish the leather surface to produce an elegant and transparent gloss. This kind of leather is called polished leather. At present, the leather which is still treated in this way on high-grade calfskin, lambskin and snake skin is suitable for high-grade shoes. This kind of leather has poor water resistance and is not suitable for outdoor shoes, especially casual shoes. Manufacturers of high-end shoes in Europe still prefer polishing because of their bright and natural color.
Generally speaking, the leather produced is mainly half-side leather, and since the whole piece of cowhide is as large as 40 or 50 square feet, if you don't cut it from it, the machines and places for operation will increase, so the cowhide you generally see is half-side leather, but some of it is not cut open to increase its utilization area. As for calf and lambskin, the whole area is not large, so there is no need to cut it.
Leather sole: after vegetable tanning, the collagen tissue of leather is deformed into leather, which is usually priced in kilograms, while the thickness has a great relationship with the price. Recently, there are many factories that use two-layer skin or recycled skin as the bottom. This kind of chrome-tanned material is as thick as 3mill. Although it is not like vegetable tanning leather, it is much cheaper, and it is also based on the area.
The processed finished leather should not only feel soft and natural, the color is popular, but also can not damage the original excellent characteristics of the leather. For example, sunlight fastness, wear resistance, tortuosity resistance and so on.
